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Biomedical Engineering
The AbioCor artificial heart, an example of a biomedical
engineering application of mechanical engineering with biocompatible materials
for Cardiothoracic Surgery using an artificial organ.Biomedical engineering (BME)
is the application of engineering principles and techniques to the medical
field. It combines the design and problem solving expertise of engineering with
the medical expertise of physicians to help improve patient health care and the
quality of life of healthy individuals.
As a relatively new discipline, much of the work in biomedical engineering
consists of research and development, covering an array of fields:
bioinformatics, medical imaging, image processing, physiological signal
processing, biomechanics, biomaterials and bioengineering, systems analysis, 3-D
modeling, etc. Examples of concrete applications of biomedical engineering are
the development and manufacture of biocompatible prostheses, medical devices,
diagnostic devices and imaging equipment such as MRIs and EEGs, and
pharmaceutical drugs.
Bio medical research
Biomedical research (or experimental medicine), in general simply known as
medical research, is the basic research or applied research conducted to aid the
body of knowledge in the field of medicine. Medical research can be divided into
two general categories: the evaluation of new treatments for both safety and
efficacy in what are termed clinical trials, and all other research that
contributes to the development of new treatments. The latter is termed
preclinical research if its goal is specifically to elaborate knowledge for the
development of new therapeutic strategies.
The increased longevity of humans over the past century can be significantly
attributed to advances resulting from medical research. Among the major benefits
have been vaccines for measles and polio, insulin treatment for diabetes,
classes of antibiotics for treating a host of maladies, medication for high
blood pressure, improved treaments for AIDS, statins and other treatments for
atherosclerosis, new surgical techniques such as microsurgery, and increasingly
successful treatments for cancer. New, beneficial tests and treatments are
expected as a result of the human genome project. Many challenges remain,
however, including the appearance of antibiotic resistance and the obesity
epidemic.
Biomedical technology
Biomedical technology involves the application of engineering and technology
principles to the domain of living or biological systems. Usually biomedical
denotes a greater stress on problems related to human health and diseases.
Biomedical engineering combined with Biotechnology is often called Biomedical
Technology or Bioengineering. It has two wings: Biomedical Engineering (dealing
more with the Biophysics), and Biotechnology (dealing more with the
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